The short answer
From 14 May 2027, any website or app that handles personal data of people in India must give a standalone privacy notice before consent, collect consent that is free, specific and easy to withdraw, protect data with reasonable security, report breaches within 72 hours, honour access, correction and erasure requests, and answer grievances within 90 days.
Key takeaways
- The DPDP Act 2023 covers digital personal data processed in India, and processing outside India when you offer goods or services to people in India.
- The DPDP Rules 2025 were notified on 13 November 2025. Consent-manager rules apply from 13 November 2026. Notice, consent, security, breach, children's and rights duties apply from 14 May 2027.
- Penalties in the Act's Schedule reach ₹250 crore for failing to take reasonable security safeguards, and ₹200 crore for failing to report a breach or meet the duties for children.
- Children are everyone under 18. Their data needs verifiable parental consent, and tracking, behavioural monitoring and targeted ads aimed at them are not allowed.
- SafeLaunch checks a website or app against the DPDP Act and Rules, plus India's IT Act, e-commerce rules and Dark Patterns Guidelines, and cites the section behind every finding.
On this page
01
Does the DPDP Act apply to my website or app?
Almost certainly, if anyone in India can sign up, buy, subscribe or leave their details. The Act applies to digital personal data: any information about an identifiable person that is collected digitally, or collected on paper and later digitised. A name, email address, phone number, IP address tied to an account, or order history all count.
It reaches two groups. Organisations processing personal data inside India, whatever their customers' location. And organisations outside India that process data in connection with offering goods or services to people in India. A US SaaS company with Indian customers is in scope, as is an Indian startup serving only Europe.
| DPDP term | What it means | On a typical website |
|---|---|---|
| Data Fiduciary | Whoever decides why and how personal data is used | You, the business running the site or app |
| Data Principal | The person the data is about | Your users, customers and visitors |
| Data Processor | Someone processing data on your behalf | Your hosting, email, analytics, payment and AI providers |
| Consent Manager | A registered platform people use to give, manage and withdraw consent | Optional for you; registration opens on 13 November 2026 |
| Significant Data Fiduciary | A fiduciary the government designates for volume or risk | Large platforms; extra duties such as a DPO in India and audits |
| Data Protection Board | The regulator that hears complaints and imposes penalties | Who your notice must tell people they can complain to |
02
When do the DPDP Rules apply?
The Rules were notified on 13 November 2025 with a phased start. The 18-month runway is meant for building, testing and fixing, not for starting in April 2027.
| Date | What applies | What to do by then |
|---|---|---|
| 13 Nov 2025 | Rules notified; the Data Protection Board and its procedures set up | Map what personal data you collect and why |
| 13 Nov 2026 | Consent Manager registration rules | Decide whether to support consent managers; most small sites won't need to yet |
| 14 May 2027 | Notice, consent, security, breach intimation, children's data and data principal rights | Every item in the checklist below must be live |
03
The DPDP checklist for websites and apps
Each item below is a requirement in the SafeLaunch rulebook, with the section of the Act or rule it comes from. Work top to bottom: the first four are visible from the outside, which is where complaints start.
- 01
A standalone notice before you ask for consent (§5; Rule 3)
Before or at the moment you ask for consent, show a notice that stands on its own, not buried inside your terms. It must itemise the personal data you collect, the specific purpose for each, and explain how to withdraw consent, how to exercise rights and how to complain to the Data Protection Board.
- 02
Consent that is free, specific, informed and unambiguous (§6)
Consent needs a clear affirmative action: no pre-ticked boxes, no consent bundled into unrelated terms, no 'by using this site you agree'. Withdrawing must be as easy as giving it. Ask only for data necessary for the stated purpose.
- 03
Children's data: verifiable parental consent (§9; Rule 10)
Under the DPDP Act, a child is anyone under 18. If under-18s can use your product, you need verifiable consent from a parent or guardian, and you may not track, behaviourally monitor or target ads at children.
- 04
Reasonable security safeguards (§8(5); Rule 6)
Encryption, access control so people only see their own data, and logs kept for a year so you can detect and investigate misuse. For AI-built apps the usual gaps are open database tables and API keys shipped to the browser.
- 05
Breach intimation within 72 hours (§8(6); Rule 7)
Tell the Board and each affected person without delay when personal data is breached, and send the Board a detailed report within 72 hours. Write the plan now: who decides, who drafts, which template, which contact details.
- 06
Rights: access, correction, erasure, grievance, nomination (§11 to 14)
People can ask what you hold about them, correct it, have it erased, raise a grievance and nominate someone to act for them. Publish how, and make it work: a form or an email address that someone actually answers.
- 07
Grievances answered within 90 days (§13; Rule 14)
Set a process and a deadline tracker. If you also sell online in India, the Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules require complaints to be acknowledged within 48 hours and resolved within one month.
- 08
A published contact for data questions (§8(9); Rule 9)
Publish the business contact information of a person who can answer questions about your processing. Significant data fiduciaries must appoint a Data Protection Officer based in India.
- 09
Erase data you no longer need (§8(7))
When consent is withdrawn or the purpose is served, erase the data and have your processors erase it too, unless another law requires you to keep it.
- 10
Check where data goes abroad (§16)
Transfers outside India are allowed except to countries the government restricts. Keep a list of where your providers store and process data so you can act if a restriction is published.
₹250 cr
maximum penalty for failing to take reasonable security safeguards
₹200 cr
maximum for failing to report a breach, or for children's data duties
72 hours
for a detailed breach report to the Board
90 days
to answer a grievance
04
What does a DPDP-ready notice look like?
Short, itemised and separate from your terms. A sign-up form can link to it right above the button. A workable structure:
What we collect and why
- Name and email: to create and secure your account
- Phone number: to send order updates (optional)
- Payment details: processed by our payment provider to take payment
- Usage data: to fix bugs and improve the product (only with your consent)
Your choices
- Withdraw consent at any time in Settings > Privacy, or email privacy@example.in
- Ask to access, correct or erase your data, or nominate someone to act for you
- Raise a grievance with our contact below; we reply within 90 days
- If you're not satisfied, you can complain to the Data Protection Board of India
Contact
[Name], [role], privacy@example.in, [business address]SafeLaunch drafts this notice from what it finds in your product: the fields your forms collect, the services your pages call and the markets you choose. Read the sample report to see the format.
05
Which other Indian rules apply to a website?
The DPDP Act is the headline, but Indian websites usually meet four more sets of rules. SafeLaunch checks them in the same scan when you pick India as a market.
| Rule | Applies to | What it requires |
|---|---|---|
| IT Act 2000 & SPDI Rules | Bodies corporate handling sensitive personal data | Published privacy policy, named grievance officer, written consent for sensitive data, reasonable security |
| CERT-In Directions 2022 | All service providers | Report cyber incidents within 6 hours; keep logs for 180 days in India |
| Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules | Anyone selling online to consumers in India | Legal name, address and grievance officer shown; complaints acknowledged in 48 hours; no pre-ticked purchase boxes |
| Dark Patterns Guidelines 2023 | All platforms selling to consumers in India | No false urgency, basket sneaking, confirm-shaming, subscription traps or drip pricing |
| IT Rules 2021 | Services where users post content | Terms on prohibited content, a grievance officer, complaints acknowledged in 24 hours and resolved in 15 days |
06
How SafeLaunch checks DPDP readiness
- The notice: finds your privacy notice and checks it itemises data and purposes, explains withdrawal, rights and complaints, and names a contact.
- Consent: reads trackers in the page source, and on paid audits records in a real browser which trackers load before a choice and after Reject.
- Forms: traces every field to what it collects, and flags data the stated purpose doesn't need.
- Security: exposed keys, open database tables, missing HTTPS and security headers.
- Rights and grievances: looks for a working way to access, correct and erase data, and a published contact.
- Children: asks whether under-18s use the product only if the scan can't tell, and applies §9 if so.
Every finding cites the section and rule, scores India alongside any other markets you choose, and gives the exact fix. Launch Fix adds the code change, prompts for your AI builder and a draft DPDP notice. Start with a free scan to see where you stand.
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FAQ
Frequently asked questions.
Sources and further reading
- Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (PIB)
- MeitY: data protection framework (DPDP Act 2023 and Rules)
This article is general information, not legal advice. SafeLaunch is automated software, not a law firm; a report records what was checked on one version and is not a certificate of compliance. Read the disclaimer.
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